Download BarCharts QuickStudy Criminal Justice by Inc. BarCharts PDF
By Inc. BarCharts
Step by step define of the U.S. method for investigating & prosecuting felony offenses - from arrest to disposition.
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Extra info for BarCharts QuickStudy Criminal Justice
Sample text
Box 1 lists various psychological and sociological background factors traditionally thought to influence the values, attitudes and personality traits that dispose people to commit crime. In terms of the rational choice perspective these factors are viewed as having more of an orienting function. On the one hand, they contribute to ongoing processes of learning and experience (Box 2) that influence the individual’s perceptions and judgements about the attractiveness and viability of criminal activity.
Curiously there seems to be no equivalent Sutton’s Law in criminology, where one might most expect to find one. Maybe, though, by responding to a question about motivation with an answer about target selection, Willie Sutton has a message for the discipline. By turning a question about motivation into an answer about criminal decision-making, the wisecrack pinpoints the disconnect between traditional criminological theory – preoccupied with the development of criminality and the supposed roots of crime – and a newer crime science, more concerned with the practical business of understanding how to prevent crime here and now.
But even beginningmiddle-and-end conceptualisations of the process are too simple to capture the dynamic unfolding of criminal events, and the detailed requirements of the crime in terms of the resources and actions needed during each of its stages. Empirical research during the 1980s and 1990s began to provide some of the necessary detail. Walsh’s (1980) study of residential burglary, for example, 28 The rational choice perspective drew attention to how offenders made use of local criminal knowledge networks when looking around for opportunities to burgle; and Rossmo’s (2000) studies of serial murder have indicated just how complex are the demands of successful offending in terms of choice of locations for different stages of the crime event.