Download Biomedical materials by Irene G. Turner (auth.), Roger Narayan (eds.) PDF
By Irene G. Turner (auth.), Roger Narayan (eds.)
Biomedical Materials presents a complete dialogue of up to date fabrics utilized in biomedical learn and improvement. The pedagogical writing variety and constitution presents scholars with an knowing of the elemental suggestions essential to pursue study and commercial paintings during this becoming sector of biomedical technology, together with features of biomaterials, organic procedures, biocompatibility, and functions of fabrics in implants and scientific instruments.
Written by means of top researchers within the box, this quantity highlights vital issues linked to biomedical engineering, drugs and surgical procedure. This textbook takes the reader to the vanguard of biomedical fabrics improvement, delivering graduate scholars with a style of the way the sector is altering, whereas additionally serving as an invaluable connection with physicians and engineers.
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28. Lu JX, Flautre B, Anseelme K, Hardouin P, Gallur A, Descamps M, and Thiery B. Role of interconnections in porous bioceramics on bone recolonisation in vitro and in vivo. J Biomed Mater Res, 1983, 17: 769–784. 29. Laurencin CT, ed. Bone Graft Substitutes. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2003. 30. Hench LL. Bioactive ceramics, in Ducheyne P and Lemons J, eds. Bioceramics: Materials characteristics versus in-vivo behaviour, Ann. NY Acad Sci, 1988, 523: 54. Chapter 2 Metallic Biomaterials Robert M.
These are based on the compositional requirements of the glass and are that it must contain <60 mol% SiO2 , a high Na2 O and CaO content, and lastly a high CaO:P2 O5 ratio. 5 6 of the most commonly used bioactive glasses, known as 45S5, has 45 wt% SiO2 , with a CaO:P2 O5 ratio in the order of 5:1. 4. It is known that glasses with a lower ratio than this will not bond with bone [24]. In an aqueous environment bioactive glass will undergo a rapid surface reaction which will result in a fast rate of bonding to tissue.
The valency of silicon is four (Si4+ ) whereas that of sodium is one (Na1+ ). Therefore, when sodium is added to silica, in order to maintain electrical neutrality in the structure each silicon atom must be replaced by four sodium atoms. As a consequence of adding the sodium, the network is disrupted and some oxygen atoms are only bonded to one silicon atom and become ‘non-bridging’. Sodium is therefore described as a network modifier. The effects are beneficial in terms of processing as the result of adding the sodium is that the viscosity is markedly reduced.